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                            /**
                             * Provides browser history management functionality using a simple
                             * add/replace/get paradigm. This can be used to ensure that the browser's back
                             * and forward buttons work as the user expects and to provide bookmarkable URLs
                             * that return the user to the current application state, even in an Ajax
                             * application that doesn't perform full-page refreshes.
                             *
                             * @module history
                             * @main history
                             * @since 3.2.0
                             */
                            
                            /**
                             * Provides global state management backed by an object, but with no browser
                             * history integration. For actual browser history integration and back/forward
                             * support, use the history-html5 or history-hash modules.
                             *
                             * @module history
                             * @submodule history-base
                             * @class HistoryBase
                             * @uses EventTarget
                             * @constructor
                             * @param {Object} config (optional) configuration object, which may contain
                             *   zero or more of the following properties:
                             *
                             * <dl>
                             *   <dt>force (Boolean)</dt>
                             *   <dd>
                             *     If `true`, a `history:change` event will be fired whenever the URL
                             *     changes, even if there is no associated state change. Default is `false`.
                             *   </dd>
                             *
                             *   <dt>initialState (Object)</dt>
                             *   <dd>
                             *     Initial state to set, as an object hash of key/value pairs. This will be
                             *     merged into the current global state.
                             *   </dd>
                             * </dl>
                             */
                            
                            var Lang      = Y.Lang,
                                Obj       = Y.Object,
                                GlobalEnv = YUI.namespace('Env.History'),
                                YArray    = Y.Array,
                            
                                doc       = Y.config.doc,
                                docMode   = doc.documentMode,
                                win       = Y.config.win,
                            
                                DEFAULT_OPTIONS = {merge: true},
                                EVT_CHANGE      = 'change',
                                SRC_ADD         = 'add',
                                SRC_REPLACE     = 'replace';
                            
                            function HistoryBase() {
                                this._init.apply(this, arguments);
                            }
                            
                            Y.augment(HistoryBase, Y.EventTarget, null, null, {
                                emitFacade : true,
                                prefix     : 'history',
                                preventable: false,
                                queueable  : true
                            });
                            
                            if (!GlobalEnv._state) {
                                GlobalEnv._state = {};
                            }
                            
                            // -- Private Methods ----------------------------------------------------------
                            
                            /**
                             * Returns <code>true</code> if <i>value</i> is a simple object and not a
                             * function or an array.
                             *
                             * @method _isSimpleObject
                             * @param {mixed} value
                             * @return {Boolean}
                             * @private
                             */
                            function _isSimpleObject(value) {
                                return Lang.type(value) === 'object';
                            }
                            
                            // -- Public Static Properties -------------------------------------------------
                            
                            /**
                             * Name of this component.
                             *
                             * @property NAME
                             * @type String
                             * @static
                             */
                            HistoryBase.NAME = 'historyBase';
                            
                            /**
                             * Constant used to identify state changes originating from the
                             * <code>add()</code> method.
                             *
                             * @property SRC_ADD
                             * @type String
                             * @static
                             * @final
                             */
                            HistoryBase.SRC_ADD = SRC_ADD;
                            
                            /**
                             * Constant used to identify state changes originating from the
                             * <code>replace()</code> method.
                             *
                             * @property SRC_REPLACE
                             * @type String
                             * @static
                             * @final
                             */
                            HistoryBase.SRC_REPLACE = SRC_REPLACE;
                            
                            /**
                             * Whether or not this browser supports the HTML5 History API.
                             *
                             * @property html5
                             * @type Boolean
                             * @static
                             */
                            
                            // All HTML5-capable browsers except Gecko 2+ (Firefox 4+) correctly return
                            // true for 'onpopstate' in win. In order to support Gecko 2, we fall back to a
                            // UA sniff for now. (current as of Firefox 4.0b2)
                            HistoryBase.html5 = !!(win.history && win.history.pushState &&
                                    win.history.replaceState && ('onpopstate' in win || Y.UA.gecko >= 2) &&
                                    (!Y.UA.android || Y.UA.android >= 2.4));
                            
                            /**
                             * Whether or not this browser supports the <code>window.onhashchange</code>
                             * event natively. Note that even if this is <code>true</code>, you may
                             * still want to use HistoryHash's synthetic <code>hashchange</code> event
                             * since it normalizes implementation differences and fixes spec violations
                             * across various browsers.
                             *
                             * @property nativeHashChange
                             * @type Boolean
                             * @static
                             */
                            
                            // Most browsers that support hashchange expose it on the window. Opera 10.6+
                            // exposes it on the document (but you can still attach to it on the window).
                            //
                            // IE8 supports the hashchange event, but only in IE8 Standards
                            // Mode. However, IE8 in IE7 compatibility mode still defines the
                            // event but never fires it, so we can't just detect the event. We also can't
                            // just UA sniff for IE8, since other browsers support this event as well.
                            HistoryBase.nativeHashChange = ('onhashchange' in win || 'onhashchange' in doc) &&
                                    (!docMode || docMode > 7);
                            
                            Y.mix(HistoryBase.prototype, {
                                // -- Initialization -------------------------------------------------------
                            
                                /**
                                 * Initializes this HistoryBase instance. This method is called by the
                                 * constructor.
                                 *
                                 * @method _init
                                 * @param {Object} config configuration object
                                 * @protected
                                 */
                                _init: function (config) {
                                    var initialState;
                            
                                    /**
                                     * Configuration object provided by the user on instantiation, or an
                                     * empty object if one wasn't provided.
                                     *
                                     * @property _config
                                     * @type Object
                                     * @default {}
                                     * @protected
                                     */
                                    config = this._config = config || {};
                            
                                    /**
                                     * If `true`, a `history:change` event will be fired whenever the URL
                                     * changes, even if there is no associated state change.
                                     *
                                     * @property force
                                     * @type Boolean
                                     * @default false
                                     */
                                     this.force = !!config.force;
                            
                                    /**
                                     * Resolved initial state: a merge of the user-supplied initial state
                                     * (if any) and any initial state provided by a subclass. This may
                                     * differ from <code>_config.initialState</code>. If neither the config
                                     * nor a subclass supplies an initial state, this property will be
                                     * <code>null</code>.
                                     *
                                     * @property _initialState
                                     * @type Object|null
                                     * @default {}
                                     * @protected
                                     */
                                    initialState = this._initialState = this._initialState ||
                                            config.initialState || null;
                            
                                    /**
                                     * Fired when the state changes. To be notified of all state changes
                                     * regardless of the History or YUI instance that generated them,
                                     * subscribe to this event on <code>Y.Global</code>. If you would rather
                                     * be notified only about changes generated by this specific History
                                     * instance, subscribe to this event on the instance.
                                     *
                                     * @event history:change
                                     * @param {EventFacade} e Event facade with the following additional
                                     *   properties:
                                     *
                                     * <dl>
                                     *   <dt>changed (Object)</dt>
                                     *   <dd>
                                     *     Object hash of state items that have been added or changed. The
                                     *     key is the item key, and the value is an object containing
                                     *     <code>newVal</code> and <code>prevVal</code> properties
                                     *     representing the values of the item both before and after the
                                     *     change. If the item was newly added, <code>prevVal</code> will be
                                     *     <code>undefined</code>.
                                     *   </dd>
                                     *
                                     *   <dt>newVal (Object)</dt>
                                     *   <dd>
                                     *     Object hash of key/value pairs of all state items after the
                                     *     change.
                                     *   </dd>
                                     *
                                     *   <dt>prevVal (Object)</dt>
                                     *   <dd>
                                     *     Object hash of key/value pairs of all state items before the
                                     *     change.
                                     *   </dd>
                                     *
                                     *   <dt>removed (Object)</dt>
                                     *   <dd>
                                     *     Object hash of key/value pairs of state items that have been
                                     *     removed. Values are the old values prior to removal.
                                     *   </dd>
                                     *
                                     *   <dt>src (String)</dt>
                                     *   <dd>
                                     *     The source of the event. This can be used to selectively ignore
                                     *     events generated by certain sources.
                                     *   </dd>
                                     * </dl>
                                     */
                                    this.publish(EVT_CHANGE, {
                                        broadcast: 2,
                                        defaultFn: this._defChangeFn
                                    });
                            
                                    // If initialState was provided, merge it into the current state.
                                    if (initialState) {
                                        this.replace(initialState);
                                    }
                                },
                            
                                // -- Public Methods -------------------------------------------------------
                            
                                /**
                                 * Adds a state entry with new values for the specified keys. By default,
                                 * the new state will be merged into the existing state, and new values will
                                 * override existing values. Specifying a <code>null</code> or
                                 * <code>undefined</code> value will cause that key to be removed from the
                                 * new state entry.
                                 *
                                 * @method add
                                 * @param {Object} state Object hash of key/value pairs.
                                 * @param {Object} options (optional) Zero or more of the following options:
                                 *   <dl>
                                 *     <dt>merge (Boolean)</dt>
                                 *     <dd>
                                 *       <p>
                                 *       If <code>true</code> (the default), the new state will be merged
                                 *       into the existing state. New values will override existing values,
                                 *       and <code>null</code> or <code>undefined</code> values will be
                                 *       removed from the state.
                                 *       </p>
                                 *       <p>
                                 *       If <code>false</code>, the existing state will be discarded as a
                                 *       whole and the new state will take its place.
                                 *       </p>
                                 *     </dd>
                                 *   </dl>
                                 * @chainable
                                 */
                                add: function () {
                                    var args = YArray(arguments, 0, true);
                                    args.unshift(SRC_ADD);
                                    return this._change.apply(this, args);
                                },
                            
                                /**
                                 * Adds a state entry with a new value for a single key. By default, the new
                                 * value will be merged into the existing state values, and will override an
                                 * existing value with the same key if there is one. Specifying a
                                 * <code>null</code> or <code>undefined</code> value will cause the key to
                                 * be removed from the new state entry.
                                 *
                                 * @method addValue
                                 * @param {String} key State parameter key.
                                 * @param {String} value New value.
                                 * @param {Object} options (optional) Zero or more options. See
                                 *   <code>add()</code> for a list of supported options.
                                 * @chainable
                                 */
                                addValue: function (key, value, options) {
                                    var state = {};
                                    state[key] = value;
                                    return this._change(SRC_ADD, state, options);
                                },
                            
                                /**
                                 * Returns the current value of the state parameter specified by <i>key</i>,
                                 * or an object hash of key/value pairs for all current state parameters if
                                 * no key is specified.
                                 *
                                 * @method get
                                 * @param {String} key (optional) State parameter key.
                                 * @return {Object|String} Value of the specified state parameter, or an
                                 *   object hash of key/value pairs for all current state parameters.
                                 */
                                get: function (key) {
                                    var state    = GlobalEnv._state,
                                        isObject = _isSimpleObject(state);
                            
                                    if (key) {
                                        return isObject && Obj.owns(state, key) ? state[key] : undefined;
                                    } else {
                                        return isObject ? Y.mix({}, state, true) : state; // mix provides a fast shallow clone.
                                    }
                                },
                            
                                /**
                                 * Same as <code>add()</code> except that a new browser history entry will
                                 * not be created. Instead, the current history entry will be replaced with
                                 * the new state.
                                 *
                                 * @method replace
                                 * @param {Object} state Object hash of key/value pairs.
                                 * @param {Object} options (optional) Zero or more options. See
                                 *   <code>add()</code> for a list of supported options.
                                 * @chainable
                                 */
                                replace: function () {
                                    var args = YArray(arguments, 0, true);
                                    args.unshift(SRC_REPLACE);
                                    return this._change.apply(this, args);
                                },
                            
                                /**
                                 * Same as <code>addValue()</code> except that a new browser history entry
                                 * will not be created. Instead, the current history entry will be replaced
                                 * with the new state.
                                 *
                                 * @method replaceValue
                                 * @param {String} key State parameter key.
                                 * @param {String} value New value.
                                 * @param {Object} options (optional) Zero or more options. See
                                 *   <code>add()</code> for a list of supported options.
                                 * @chainable
                                 */
                                replaceValue: function (key, value, options) {
                                    var state = {};
                                    state[key] = value;
                                    return this._change(SRC_REPLACE, state, options);
                                },
                            
                                // -- Protected Methods ----------------------------------------------------
                            
                                /**
                                 * Changes the state. This method provides a common implementation shared by
                                 * the public methods for changing state.
                                 *
                                 * @method _change
                                 * @param {String} src Source of the change, for inclusion in event facades
                                 *   to facilitate filtering.
                                 * @param {Object} state Object hash of key/value pairs.
                                 * @param {Object} options (optional) Zero or more options. See
                                 *   <code>add()</code> for a list of supported options.
                                 * @protected
                                 * @chainable
                                 */
                                _change: function (src, state, options) {
                                    options = options ? Y.merge(DEFAULT_OPTIONS, options) : DEFAULT_OPTIONS;
                            
                                    if (options.merge && _isSimpleObject(state) &&
                                            _isSimpleObject(GlobalEnv._state)) {
                                        state = Y.merge(GlobalEnv._state, state);
                                    }
                            
                                    this._resolveChanges(src, state, options);
                                    return this;
                                },
                            
                                /**
                                 * Called by _resolveChanges() when the state has changed. This method takes
                                 * care of actually firing the necessary events.
                                 *
                                 * @method _fireEvents
                                 * @param {String} src Source of the changes, for inclusion in event facades
                                 *   to facilitate filtering.
                                 * @param {Object} changes Resolved changes.
                                 * @param {Object} options Zero or more options. See <code>add()</code> for
                                 *   a list of supported options.
                                 * @protected
                                 */
                                _fireEvents: function (src, changes, options) {
                                    // Fire the global change event.
                                    this.fire(EVT_CHANGE, {
                                        _options: options,
                                        changed : changes.changed,
                                        newVal  : changes.newState,
                                        prevVal : changes.prevState,
                                        removed : changes.removed,
                                        src     : src
                                    });
                            
                                    // Fire change/remove events for individual items.
                                    Obj.each(changes.changed, function (value, key) {
                                        this._fireChangeEvent(src, key, value);
                                    }, this);
                            
                                    Obj.each(changes.removed, function (value, key) {
                                        this._fireRemoveEvent(src, key, value);
                                    }, this);
                                },
                            
                                /**
                                 * Fires a dynamic "[key]Change" event.
                                 *
                                 * @method _fireChangeEvent
                                 * @param {String} src source of the change, for inclusion in event facades
                                 *   to facilitate filtering
                                 * @param {String} key key of the item that was changed
                                 * @param {Object} value object hash containing <i>newVal</i> and
                                 *   <i>prevVal</i> properties for the changed item
                                 * @protected
                                 */
                                _fireChangeEvent: function (src, key, value) {
                                    /**
                                     * <p>
                                     * Dynamic event fired when an individual history item is added or
                                     * changed. The name of this event depends on the name of the key that
                                     * changed. To listen to change events for a key named "foo", subscribe
                                     * to the <code>fooChange</code> event; for a key named "bar", subscribe
                                     * to <code>barChange</code>, etc.
                                     * </p>
                                     *
                                     * <p>
                                     * Key-specific events are only fired for instance-level changes; that
                                     * is, changes that were made via the same History instance on which the
                                     * event is subscribed. To be notified of changes made by other History
                                     * instances, subscribe to the global <code>history:change</code> event.
                                     * </p>
                                     *
                                     * @event [key]Change
                                     * @param {EventFacade} e Event facade with the following additional
                                     *   properties:
                                     *
                                     * <dl>
                                     *   <dt>newVal (mixed)</dt>
                                     *   <dd>
                                     *     The new value of the item after the change.
                                     *   </dd>
                                     *
                                     *   <dt>prevVal (mixed)</dt>
                                     *   <dd>
                                     *     The previous value of the item before the change, or
                                     *     <code>undefined</code> if the item was just added and has no
                                     *     previous value.
                                     *   </dd>
                                     *
                                     *   <dt>src (String)</dt>
                                     *   <dd>
                                     *     The source of the event. This can be used to selectively ignore
                                     *     events generated by certain sources.
                                     *   </dd>
                                     * </dl>
                                     */
                                    this.fire(key + 'Change', {
                                        newVal : value.newVal,
                                        prevVal: value.prevVal,
                                        src    : src
                                    });
                                },
                            
                                /**
                                 * Fires a dynamic "[key]Remove" event.
                                 *
                                 * @method _fireRemoveEvent
                                 * @param {String} src source of the change, for inclusion in event facades
                                 *   to facilitate filtering
                                 * @param {String} key key of the item that was removed
                                 * @param {mixed} value value of the item prior to its removal
                                 * @protected
                                 */
                                _fireRemoveEvent: function (src, key, value) {
                                    /**
                                     * <p>
                                     * Dynamic event fired when an individual history item is removed. The
                                     * name of this event depends on the name of the key that was removed.
                                     * To listen to remove events for a key named "foo", subscribe to the
                                     * <code>fooRemove</code> event; for a key named "bar", subscribe to
                                     * <code>barRemove</code>, etc.
                                     * </p>
                                     *
                                     * <p>
                                     * Key-specific events are only fired for instance-level changes; that
                                     * is, changes that were made via the same History instance on which the
                                     * event is subscribed. To be notified of changes made by other History
                                     * instances, subscribe to the global <code>history:change</code> event.
                                     * </p>
                                     *
                                     * @event [key]Remove
                                     * @param {EventFacade} e Event facade with the following additional
                                     *   properties:
                                     *
                                     * <dl>
                                     *   <dt>prevVal (mixed)</dt>
                                     *   <dd>
                                     *     The value of the item before it was removed.
                                     *   </dd>
                                     *
                                     *   <dt>src (String)</dt>
                                     *   <dd>
                                     *     The source of the event. This can be used to selectively ignore
                                     *     events generated by certain sources.
                                     *   </dd>
                                     * </dl>
                                     */
                                    this.fire(key + 'Remove', {
                                        prevVal: value,
                                        src    : src
                                    });
                                },
                            
                                /**
                                 * Resolves the changes (if any) between <i>newState</i> and the current
                                 * state and fires appropriate events if things have changed.
                                 *
                                 * @method _resolveChanges
                                 * @param {String} src source of the changes, for inclusion in event facades
                                 *   to facilitate filtering
                                 * @param {Object} newState object hash of key/value pairs representing the
                                 *   new state
                                 * @param {Object} options Zero or more options. See <code>add()</code> for
                                 *   a list of supported options.
                                 * @protected
                                 */
                                _resolveChanges: function (src, newState, options) {
                                    var changed   = {},
                                        isChanged,
                                        prevState = GlobalEnv._state,
                                        removed   = {};
                            
                                    newState || (newState = {});
                                    options  || (options  = {});
                            
                                    if (_isSimpleObject(newState) && _isSimpleObject(prevState)) {
                                        // Figure out what was added or changed.
                                        Obj.each(newState, function (newVal, key) {
                                            var prevVal = prevState[key];
                            
                                            if (newVal !== prevVal) {
                                                changed[key] = {
                                                    newVal : newVal,
                                                    prevVal: prevVal
                                                };
                            
                                                isChanged = true;
                                            }
                                        }, this);
                            
                                        // Figure out what was removed.
                                        Obj.each(prevState, function (prevVal, key) {
                                            if (!Obj.owns(newState, key) || newState[key] === null) {
                                                delete newState[key];
                                                removed[key] = prevVal;
                                                isChanged = true;
                                            }
                                        }, this);
                                    } else {
                                        isChanged = newState !== prevState;
                                    }
                            
                                    if (isChanged || this.force) {
                                        this._fireEvents(src, {
                                            changed  : changed,
                                            newState : newState,
                                            prevState: prevState,
                                            removed  : removed
                                        }, options);
                                    }
                                },
                            
                                /**
                                 * Stores the specified state. Don't call this method directly; go through
                                 * _resolveChanges() to ensure that changes are resolved and all events are
                                 * fired properly.
                                 *
                                 * @method _storeState
                                 * @param {String} src source of the changes
                                 * @param {Object} newState new state to store
                                 * @param {Object} options Zero or more options. See <code>add()</code> for
                                 *   a list of supported options.
                                 * @protected
                                 */
                                _storeState: function (src, newState) {
                                    // Note: the src and options params aren't used here, but they are used
                                    // by subclasses.
                                    GlobalEnv._state = newState || {};
                                },
                            
                                // -- Protected Event Handlers ---------------------------------------------
                            
                                /**
                                 * Default <code>history:change</code> event handler.
                                 *
                                 * @method _defChangeFn
                                 * @param {EventFacade} e state change event facade
                                 * @protected
                                 */
                                _defChangeFn: function (e) {
                                    this._storeState(e.src, e.newVal, e._options);
                                }
                            }, true);
                            
                            Y.HistoryBase = HistoryBase;